Once upon a time there..1..a woman who..2..near a forest that had many monkeys. There came a ..3..famine in..4..land. People av well..5..animals..6..great difficulty getting food.Mother monkey had a small child who..7..was..8..to feed. The child became so thin..9..it was about to die. Mother monkey..10..to allow her child to go..11..the..12..house to steal food.

While monkey’s child was looking..13..food in the house..14..the woman arrived from the garden. The woman caught the young monkey..15..and locked her up in a cage.

Number 1

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Number 15

17. She never comes to school early,

19. A teacher was teaching the class.

21. He wore …………….a jacket.

22. Hardly had we arrived……… it started raining.

23. Many Kenyans prefer football…….volleyball

For question 24. re- generate the question 
to make a sensible paragraph

24. (i) records and won.

For question 25, select the correct phrasal verb

25. The school trip was ‘ because of bad weather.

Soil is a precious thing. It is one of the country’s natural resources and has to be taken care of. If the land is not cared for and the soil is lost by erosion of various kind, then the land may become barren. Eventually, it will be unable to support crops and livestock and will be as bare and as empty as a desert.

In the past, deserts were formed by changes in the climate. The weather became drier over thousands of years and desert grew. But now deserts are caused largely by the activities of man. Since much of Kenya receives little rain, people fear that deserts may increase in this country. About three quarters of Kenya is in danger. The areas where the risk is greatest include the whole of North Eastern Province, parts of Eastern province, Coast province and the Rift valley province.

There are four main causes for the growth of deserts: over cultivation, deforestation, overgrazing and the spoiling of land by letting it become salty or water- logged.

Over-cultivation happens when arable land is not allowed to lie fallow. Instead, the land is used over and over again, without being allowed to rest. Over cultivation can also result from farming of land that is too steep or too dry. Deforestation happens when trees and shrubs are cut in great numbers for firewood and building. Other trees are not planted to take their place. Livestock might even eat up young trees that grow naturally.

Overgrazing occurs when too many cattle, sheep and goats are kept, so that all the grass and shrubs are eaten and soil trampled. Trampling by animals packs the soil particles close to one another. When the rains come, only a little of the valuable water manages to soak into the soil. The rest runs off quickly causing soil erosion and sometimes floods.

Salty or water- logked soil is also useless for crops. It results from irrigating land without providing proper drainage through which the water can escape. If the water cannot get away, it just sinks into the soil and stays there. In well- drained soil, water drips through the air spaces in the soil until it reaches the water table, then flows out as springs or streams. If th e soil is sticky clay or has been packed down through trampling, the water cannot flow through it. It collects in all the air spaces and plant roots cannot find any air.

All soil and water have some mineral salts in them. In small quantities, they are very useful. If irrigation water cannot drain away, these salts may build up. Finally, they make it impossible for plants to grow and the land is destroyed.

Over- cultivation, over-grazing and deforestation destroy fertile top soil. The grass, shrubs and trees that once grew upon the land zet destroyed and can no longer protect the soil from the sun, the wind and the rain. Their leaves no longer add humus to the soil. The soil loses its ability to hold water. The soil becomes drier and the agents of erosion soon carry the soil away.

26. From the first paragraph, it is true to say that

27. If soil is worn out

28. How were deserts formed in the past?

29. How are deserts formed nowadays?

30. What fraction of Kenyan land is arable?

31. Which provinces are relatively safe from becoming deserts?

32. The word fallow in paragraph four means

33. The writer has mentioned causes of deserts at present and in the past.

34. Apart from cutting trees, what else destroys trees according to the passage?

35. Run- off water can cause soil erosion and

36. All the following statements are true except:-

37. One of the following adds humus to the soil, which one?

38. The word dry has been used several times in the passage, it means?

Sleep is as much part of our lives as eating, drinking or going to the toilet. But why do we sleep? and do we really need to sleep or are we just being lazy?

Sleep is a natural state of rest that most birds, fish and mammals go through. Sleep is a state of which your body stops moving voluntarily, you stop hearing or responding to outside noises, smells or sights and your body increases its rate of making new cells and slows down its rate of breaking down other cells.

The reason why we sleep is to give our bodies time to rest, recharge, restore and heal those aches and pains we pick up almost everyday. Sleep helps the growth and strengthening of our immune system, our nerves, muscles and brain cells.

It’s believed that memory and brain functions that helps us understand difficult things are very dependent on sleep. It is therefore essential to get enough sleep before a test or an exam.

Sleep is also said to protect us from things that threaten us – illness or unhappiness, for example, we often sleep more at these times, which helps us get through it.

Adults should aim for seven to nine hours of sleep to ensure alertness, good memory, problem solving skills and better general health.

As with sleep, there are many different opinions about dreaming, why it happens and what it all means. Dreaming means “seeing” pictures, people or places in your mind while you are asleep. Sometimes in sequence, sometimes as just a big mixture up of images you can hardly recall when you wake up.

39. “Sleep is as much part of our lives as eating, drinking
or going to the toilet.” This statement means

40. Most birds, fish and mammals go through sleep as a

41. Which one of the following is not experienced during sleep?

42. As we sleep the rate of breaking other body cells

43. The following are.rea.sons’why we sleep except:-

44. The word voluntarily is underlined in the passage, what is its opposite?

45. What do memory and brain functions rely on during
difficult situations?

46. The word essential, underlined in the story, can best be replaced by

47. Sleep is said to help us get through

48. The following are reasons why grown- ups should get adequate sleep except:-

49. Pictures, people or places in dreams are said to be sometimes in sequence, this means?

50. The BEST summary of the passage is